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Post by skytroll on Jun 7, 2007 7:58:33 GMT -5
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Post by skytroll on Jun 7, 2007 8:04:21 GMT -5
Metagenomics: www.bioinfo-online.net/and.... ARE WE READY? "In a first, scientists develop tiny implantable biocomputers Researchers at Harvard University and Princeton University have made a crucial step toward building biological computers, tiny implantable devices that can monitor the activities and characteristics of human cells. The information provided by these "molecular doctors," constructed entirely of DNA, RNA, and proteins, could eventually revolutionize medicine by directing therapies only to diseased cells or tissues." Skytroll
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Post by skytroll on Jun 7, 2007 8:09:38 GMT -5
"To get at the roots of protein evolution, the researchers examined metabolic proteins at the level of their component structures: easily recognizable folds in the proteins that have known enzymatic activities. These protein domains catalyze a range of functions, breaking down or combining metabolites, small molecules that include the building blocks of all life. Their findings relied on a fundamental assumption: that the most widely utilized protein folds (they looked at proteins in more than 200 species) were also the most ancient. "Protein architecture has preserved ancient structural designs as fossils of ancient biochemistries," the authors wrote. The team used data from two international compilations of genetic and proteomic information: the metabolic pathways database of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and the Structural Classification of Proteins database. They combined these two data sets with phylogenetic reconstructions, or family trees, of protein fold architectures in metabolism. They created a new database, called the Molecular Ancestry Network (MANET: www.manet.uiuc.edu/index.php) which links these data sources into a new global network diagram of metabolic pathways. linked right into KYOTO so you know who is running this global networK? Study of protein folds offers insight into metabolic evolution protein folds cause mutations which cause more disease. which alter DNA.......... prions are about folding.......sup 35 amyloid prions self replicating etc. www.bioinfo-online.net/modules/news/article.php?storyid=863Skytroll
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Post by skytroll on Jun 7, 2007 8:11:59 GMT -5
I see microbes in my lesions, folks. they are attached to the critter......the prions, black fibers most likely are the folded proteins, with the electrical charge in them used in the nanotubes.
My take on it all.
Any protein folding causes mutations, it has to, to work.
Mutagenomics.
Skytroll
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Post by skytroll on Jun 7, 2007 8:14:28 GMT -5
Safrey, Your second link? www.springerlink.com/content/x62621703817x2h9/Abstract Seven species of marine bryozoans were examined for the presence of bacteria associated with the larvae. In three species (Bugula neritina, B. pacifica, and B. simplex), rod-shaped bacteria were consistently observed in the pallial sinus of the larvae, independent of geographic location, year, or season. Larvae of closely related bryozoans (B. stolonifera, B. turrita, Scrupocellaria bertholetti, and Tricellaria occidentalis) occurring sympatrically with those containing bacteria lacked this apparent symbiosis. Those bryozoans examined that possessed the bacteria-larva association are among the most frequently encountered fouling bryozoans. Symbiosis through Metagenomics? What do you think? Skytroll
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Post by safrey on Jun 7, 2007 21:15:30 GMT -5
Someone has sure been a busy little bee with all this research, it's fantastic, great work! Regarding your question, your going to have to give me some time to study Metagenomics, this is first I've heard about it. Let me give you something else you might find interesting, Myxozoans, their carriers of bacterias and parasites to bryozoans, opens up a whole new window. Here's a quote from the International Bryozoology Association
Just imagine being parasitized by an organism that itself is being parasitized by an organism who carries all sorts of bacteria and protozoa, what does that remind you of?
I've only scratched the surface of this topic, could pan out.
I'll try to look into Metagenomics here in the near future, I'll put it on my to-do list.
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Post by skytroll on Jun 8, 2007 0:39:24 GMT -5
Seems the ones that have the extra bacteria and protozoa, are a different breed of bryozoan.
Seems to me the newer one, is not new, but, is adapting through polymorphism or is a novel construction meant to fill in the symbiotic role of being both parasite and vector.
Sounds like Morgellons. One thing that I have noticed about the critter itself, is that it seems to have something attached to it, like a microbe of some sort. So, whether it is just there due to bacterias, I think four were mentioned that can cause some biofilm going on there inside the bryozoan. But, the microbe which seems to carry the bacteria or the adapted bacteria, can alter the bryozoan too, so hence the new or double link on clade.
I wonder how that sort of bacteria linked with the bryozoan? If it is mere adaptation.
Seems some virus had to be involved to get into the DNA though. Otherwise, what could break the DNA of the bryozoan itself?
These questions I ask myself too...... Oh, I do like the tardigrades, the little bears!
Skytroll
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Post by safrey on Jun 9, 2007 13:59:54 GMT -5
Seems the ones that have the extra bacteria and protozoa, are a different breed of bryozoan.
Seems to me the newer one, is not new, but, is adapting through polymorphism or is a novel construction meant to fill in the symbiotic role of being both parasite and vector [/b].[/quote] I never thought about it that way, very interesting, I do fully agree about adapting through polymorphism though, I believe we are witnessing the greatest act known to occur on this planet, evolution.
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Post by skytroll on Jun 9, 2007 23:29:26 GMT -5
yes......yes......Right before our eyes, and in such rapid fashion too.
Skytroll
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Post by skytroll on Jun 9, 2007 23:31:23 GMT -5
Supposedly the big bang was a Singularity, so what is Kurzweil trying to tell us, in the "Singularity is Near"?
Safrey, Have you read that?
Skytroll
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Post by safrey on Jun 10, 2007 17:52:14 GMT -5
No I haven't read that yet, sounds interesting though, I'll look it up. I have another possible correlation between morgellons and the bryozoan that I'd like to report. I think I have found a link between the findings of agrobacterium in morgellons sufferers and bryozoans. The genus agrobacterium falls under the scientific classification of Kingdom-Bacteria/Phylum-Proteobacteria/Class-Alpha Proteobacteria. Alpha Proteobacteria have been found to be symbiont with atleast one species of Bryozoan. Proteobacterial Symbionts of Marine Bryozoans in the Genus Watersiporaaem.asm.org/cgi/content/full/73/1/303I've just begun to research this area so hopefully I'll find more specifics to support this.
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Post by skytroll on Jun 12, 2007 0:09:33 GMT -5
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Post by skytroll on Jun 12, 2007 0:25:18 GMT -5
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Post by skytroll on Jun 12, 2007 1:02:09 GMT -5
Hey, they keep changing names: Prokaryotes lacking a cell wall, formerly known as mycoplasmas were recently designated as the new class, Mollicutes. The association of unidentified mycoplasma-like organisms with aquatic animals has been suggested previously on the basis of visual observations alone. We report the pure-culture identification of a true mollicute, anAcholeplasma, that consistently associates with the larvae and adults of the marine bryozoanWatersipora arcuata. This represents the first confirmed nondisease association between a mollicute and an aquatic invertebrate." www.springerlink.com/content/r67146683v424378/mycoplasmas now called mollicutes? Prokaryotes? lacking a cell wall? Skytroll
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Post by safrey on Jun 14, 2007 0:34:59 GMT -5
Those are great pics Sky, best I've seen of watersipora, but I don't think thats quite it. In trying to nail down the species this is what I've found. The scientific classification is Kingdom - AnimalPhylum - Ectoprocta(bryozoa)Class - GymnolaemataOrder - CheilostomataFamily - ?The Family and Species I haven't narrowed down yet, the Aeteidae family, the Bugulidae family, the Schizoporellidae family all are suspects and others. This is a really good site for all sorts of life. It's the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort PierceIntroduction to the Bryozoanswww.sms.si.edu/irlspec/IntroBryozoa.htm It's all about The Indian River Lagoon which is part of the longest barrier island complex in the United States, occupying more than 30% of Florida's east coast. "The IRL is a complex association of terrestrial, wetland and estuarine ecosystems which combine to create a complex ecosystem mosaic with high habitat diversity. But the feature which helps distinguish the IRL system from other estuarine systems, and also accounts for much of the high biological diversity in the Indian River Lagoon, is its unique geographical location, which straddles the transition zone between colder temperate, and warmer sub-tropical biological provinces. Here, as perhaps no where else in the continental United States, tropical and temperate species coexist and thrive."www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Maps.htmThere's some really good information here, here is a nice explanation of Taxonomy, or the scientific classification. A Word About Species Names...www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/NamSpecies.htmHere is the list of Bryozoans known to exist there, there is a pretty decent description for each one of the species listed. www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Phyl_Ectopr.htmHere are what I believe are key characteristics, Heavily Encrusting Mat-like and branching colony formation High degree of Polymorphism(heavily reported) Ovicell (brooding chamber) present Color Operculum present( described by observers, documented myself) twelve tentacles(the photo at Lymebusters) Size (very small)I believe that the encrusting characteristic is what causes the "callus" as Cliff Mickelson would decribe it with mat-like colony formation in callused areas and branching formation like on one's arms. I think that polymorphism is a good indicator based simply on the photo at Rense. Morgellon's Photos 5www.rense.com/general74/morg6-5.htmI believe this is a highly defined "Avicularia" This is a description that I believe is a good candidate. Species Name: Schizoporella cornutaIt's in the Schizoporellidae family. Species Description: S. cornuta forms encrusting colonies that are pink to salmon in color. Zooids are oval to hexagonal and measure approximately 0.35 X 0.25 mm in size. Heavy calcification between zooids obscures distinct boundaries between individuals. The frontal surface is perforated by many tiny pores that become more irregular in shape as the colony ages due to secondary calcification. The orifice is semicircular with 2 cardelles and a proximal V-shaped sinus. Avicularia are elliptical and may be single or paired. They are raised on processes inferior and lateral to the orifice, and generally have their mandibles pointed upward at a 45-degree angle.
II. HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION Regional Occurrence: The range of S. cornuta is somewhat incompletely known due to the confusion of this species with other species. However, it is likely to occur from Woods Hole, Massachusetts south to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean. In the Pacific, S. cornuta has been reported along the North American coast. It is also known in the eastern Atlantic along the West African coast.
Reproduction: Reproduces along the Florida coast from October through December. Colonies collected by Winston (1982) had the greatest number of zooid ovicells filled with embryos.
Embryology: Prominent ovicells are hyperstomial and globular. Unlike other species of Schizoporella, they do not have pores over the entire surface of the ovicell. Rather, there is a heavy outer rim of heavy calcification, and a radially grooved central area. These grooves end in a row of pores.
Embryos are brightly colored from orange-red to cherry-red. www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Schizo_cornut.htmWhat do you think Sky? Can you find us some pics of this species? Steve
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Post by Admin on Jun 14, 2007 1:33:14 GMT -5
Avicularia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaAvicularia is a genus of the family Theraphosidae containing various species of tarantulas. The genus is native to tropical South America. ... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avicularia =====I.E. AVICULARIA ARE TARANTULA SPIDERS==========
I KNOW I MENTIONED THIS AT THE OUTSET OF YOUR POSTS, SAFREY, AND I DO NOT THINK YOU ADDRESSED THIS.
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The President of the American Society of Parasitologists AND the Secretary of that organization who is, as well, the author of the textbook: FOUNDATIONS OF PARASITOLOGY both have told us in in response to our submitting photographs from Morgs Photos No. 5 that THE 'CHIMERA' IN THOSE IMAGES ARE NOT PARASITES. They have no eukyrotic cells......they ARE NOT parasites.
The 'tough' top of the callus and the underlying 'gel' which forms in hooks that cling down into the pores (and subsequently are seen at high magnification as the 'CHIMERA' in the photos no. 5) respond to MEAT TENDERIZER so in fact, they are more than likely of a protein nature...but protein that has been synthesized (AMBLOID PROTEIN, I THINK DR. STANINGER CALLS IT) somehow in the tissue of the victim in the form of the GEL which acts as a substrate for the formation of the 'CHIMERA'. When a respondent used a natural meat tenderizer made from papaya enzymes, the callus softened, the gel and 'hooks' let go from the flesh and she was able to comfortably lift the 'scab' or callus off.
Not sure if any of this fits into your hypothesis.... but it is what our research has told us..........
You two have sure been busy bees! Don't stop now.... Blessings, Shoshanna
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Post by safrey on Jun 14, 2007 1:57:24 GMT -5
Try searching bryozoan avicularia, the word obviously has more than one meaning, easy to figure that out. And there's doctors everywhere that say morgellons is DOP, you going to believe them too?
Besides, they're right, the bryozoan has never been considered a parasite, until now.
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Post by skytroll on Jun 14, 2007 2:00:02 GMT -5
Seems there is a conflict of interest, in what is being called Avicularia: "In addition to feeding individuals colonies may have zooids specialized for other functions. Some cheilostome bryozoans have individuals with no feeding parts, but with an operculum shaped into a bristle (called vibracula) for cleaning or moving the colony. Others have opercula and zooids modified into pincer-like structures (called avicularia) capable of snapping shut on a trespasser or predator. So the pincher like structures are called avicularia in Bryozoans. Also, on this one saw 20 tentacles, as compared to the LB trichome with differing tentacles numbers. More Watersipora too: www.angelfire.com/va3/bryozoans/ah............but, they are modified? Others have opercula and zooids modified into pincer-like structures (called avicularia) capable of snapping shut on a trespasser or predator. "Discovery of avicularium-like polymorphs in Wilbertopora mutabilis Cheetham, 1954 has provided not only a new opportunity for revising the genus Wilbertopora Cheetham, 1954, but also a more detailed basis for documenting the series of morphological changes by which avicularia differentiated from ordinary feeding zooids in what appears to be the first occurrence of these characteristic cheilostome bryozoan structures in the fossil record. " more here: tinyurl.com/2z9hcoSkytroll
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Post by safrey on Jun 14, 2007 2:06:17 GMT -5
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Post by skytroll on Jun 14, 2007 2:12:05 GMT -5
Sick fish? Environmental and climate changes potentially have drastic effects on the health status of many species. Professor Beth Okamura of the University of Reading, looked at proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in salmonid fish, which potentially can result in severe economic loss to the cultured trout and salmon industry. PKD is increasing in prevalence which could be a result of climate change; the number of fish have decreased as water temperature increases. The laboratory of Dr Okamura investigated the life cycle of the myxozoan endoparasite, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae that lives part of its lifecycle in the freshwater bryozoans, which are benthic invertebrates. The endoparasite exploits the clonal bryozoan lifecycle by persisting through cycles of degeneration and regeneration. Furthermore, the parasite develops spores within the bryozoan which are released and can infect fish in large numbers. Their studies demonstrated a complex host-parasite interaction: The bryozoans increased in abundance with temperature increase in addition to their level of covert infections by the parasite. Residual covert infections were maintained in the bryozoan host population as spores. Thus, as global climate increases or thermal inputs to freshwater continue via power plants, the aquaculture industry is at increased risk to PKD infection. A greater awareness of PKD infection and strategies to combat the disease are desperately needed. www.eurosciconpodcasts.com/_attachments/2460368/Fishdisease.pdfSo........could the trichome be our altered bryozoan? Just add the nano camera to take a picture. Just what are those spores inside the Bryozoan? how did they get there? mmmmmmmmmmmmore investigation......or could the S. cereviscaea which has the power to make amyloid prions be the spore forming bugger in the bryozoan. Just add the avicularia of the spider and then then you have one mean bugger. Oh the things you can do with Genes! Skytroll
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Post by safrey on Jun 14, 2007 2:13:51 GMT -5
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Post by skytroll on Jun 14, 2007 2:15:04 GMT -5
Safrey,
from your link:
"Seagrasses as well as floating macroalgae, provide support for bryozoan colonies. In turn, bryozoans provide habitat for many species of juvenile fishes and their invertebrate prey such as polychaete worms, amphipods and copepods (Winston 1995).
Here is where the macroalgae comes in, most likely would included the microcystins. too. The macroalgae is housing for the bryozoan, while maybe the microcystin, and spore forming algae are food for them.
Bryozoans seem to like algae, so are they being used to eat algae, Bioremediation?
Skytroll
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Post by safrey on Jun 14, 2007 2:20:48 GMT -5
The whole field is very complex and fascinating isn't it?
Thats a good find regarding the "sick fish"
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Post by Admin on Jun 14, 2007 2:29:03 GMT -5
I stand corrected on the avicularia terminology. HERE ARE IMAGES WITH THE DESCRIPTIONS of the 'bristle' and the pincer-like structures..... Are these what you're discussing that should look like Photos No. 5? ? Bryozoans are colonial animals www.angelfire.com/va3/bryozoans/Some cheilostome bryozoans have individuals with no feeding parts, but with an operculum shaped into a bristle (called vibracula) for cleaning or moving the colony. www.angelfire.com/va3/bryozoans/images/cup.jpgOthers have opercula and zooids modified into pincer-like structures (called avicularia) capable of snapping shut on a trespasser or predator. www.angelfire.com/va3/bryozoans/images/broom.jpg
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Post by safrey on Jun 14, 2007 2:39:55 GMT -5
Those are images of vibracula and avicularia, but those are not typical, infact I don't know if there is a "typical". Apparently there is a lot of diversity in the forms of life of a bryozoan. If you were to analyze the morgellons photo number 5, the object in the forefront, and compare it to a written description of a classic avicularia I think you'll see the similarities.
One must also consider the change in environment as well, and the fact that there is so much unknown about the bryozoans, especially the species known to burrow.
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Post by Admin on Jun 14, 2007 3:04:40 GMT -5
Hi Safery....Can you point me to other images which may not be 'typical'' but are what you refer to in your 'written description'?
If not 'typical'...and there is no 'typical'....there must be other images which you have seen? The descriptions alongside the .jpgs in my previous post are a 'written description' which would - yes - be somewhat how you might describe Photos No. 5 front image - but the microphotos are no way similar.
Have you seen 'similar'?
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Post by safrey on Jun 14, 2007 20:22:21 GMT -5
How was the absence of eukyrotic cells determined, through an image?
Why were the objects in the image considered "chimera"?
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Post by skytroll on Jun 15, 2007 1:02:49 GMT -5
Safrey,
could these be prokaryotes? rather than eukaryotes?
Also, could be a "novel construction" along the Tam Tam lines.
If it is not a eukarote,(multi-celled), then could it be the link between the prokayote and the eukarote? Since, maybe there wasn't one, so it was created, to make it look like there was one? The lineage, the bryozoan is in there.
I think at each lineage point, there is a species breakdown, a definite horizontal transfer, and that would/could be from a "novel organism" They keep finding new species? Could it be they are creating new species?
Okay, the chimera, not a parasite, are bryozoans considered parasites, or vectors? Straw inside a straw? You can see the tentacles are at the end and look like they are inside the tube, that is part of the colony.
Now, lets see where the lineage was..........mmmmmm
be right back.....
Skytroll
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Post by Admin on Jun 15, 2007 2:18:20 GMT -5
prokaryotic cell do not have membrane bound organelles while eukaryotic have membrane round organelles e.g. nucleous prokaryotic cells are sorrounded by a capsule for protection while eukaryotic do not have one prokaryotic have plasmids lacked by eukaryotic prokaryotic cell are smaller than prokaryotic pro are unicellular while eukaryotic are multicallular pro have circular DNA without proteins while in eukaryotics DNA is linear and assiciated with protiens cell division by binary fussion in pro's while it is by mitosis or mieosis in euk pros have only asexual reproduction euks have both sexual and asexual pros have smaller ribosomes compared to euks KEY pro - prokaryotic - euk - eukaryotic www.biologymad.com/discussionforum/viewtopic.php?p=977&sid=1ebe5a733fa045881bcc7783d1d2f183
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Post by safrey on Jun 24, 2007 13:42:49 GMT -5
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